Recommender Systems: Non-personalized Recommender
Michael Hahsler
Wed May 25 08:27:59 2016
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. For questions please contact Michael Hahsler.
library("recommenderlab")## Loading required package: Matrix
## Loading required package: arules
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## Attaching package: 'arules'
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## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
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## abbreviate, write
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## Loading required package: proxy
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## Attaching package: 'proxy'
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## The following object is masked from 'package:Matrix':
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## as.matrix
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## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
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## as.dist, dist
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## The following object is masked from 'package:base':
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## as.matrix
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## Loading required package: registrydata("Jester5k")
Jester5k## 5000 x 100 rating matrix of class 'realRatingMatrix' with 362106 ratings.Jester5k_norm <- normalize(Jester5k)Bester Average Rating
Better jokes receive on average better ratings. Note: Items are in columns.
score <- colMeans(Jester5k_norm)
hist(score)
sort(score, decreasing = TRUE)## j50 j89 j36 j32 j27
## 2.714767826 2.547600665 2.452554813 2.354357144 2.237205867
## j35 j53 j29 j62 j49
## 2.150025145 2.129366464 2.089049584 2.031432740 1.929929445
## j54 j72 j68 j69 j66
## 1.912800400 1.889886528 1.732781073 1.682309164 1.627968461
## j61 j93 j65 j76 j21
## 1.571854654 1.508163094 1.442041313 1.427697641 1.309257508
## j31 j42 j88 j83 j91
## 1.284286765 1.105314927 1.063002899 1.033907292 1.023882123
## j48 j56 j6 j11 j87
## 0.966723680 0.923982810 0.866565799 0.840540309 0.805942692
## j81 j47 j28 j14 j78
## 0.767171756 0.707352833 0.685164065 0.667652933 0.662420635
## j97 j46 j12 j26 j96
## 0.613855951 0.610759262 0.606668279 0.446323982 0.445029547
## j10 j38 j100 j39 j92
## 0.430361580 0.333256728 0.299368465 0.260343550 0.253690681
## j1 j45 j34 j40 j73
## 0.233348866 0.169236666 0.147078920 0.103482342 0.099733238
## j22 j80 j82 j94 j95
## 0.069292633 0.017110124 0.000886657 -0.023300146 -0.037227703
## j85 j98 j84 j70 j77
## -0.081998260 -0.128241164 -0.263353408 -0.321165425 -0.362985152
## j25 j55 j2 j3 j90
## -0.391709154 -0.400211437 -0.466244194 -0.477809821 -0.514080254
## j5 j63 j23 j19 j86
## -0.529551873 -0.580188273 -0.619976012 -0.727085958 -0.728784176
## j52 j79 j99 j41 j60
## -0.827426470 -0.961060183 -1.078072900 -1.116846429 -1.230324480
## j75 j30 j59 j7 j8
## -1.259575396 -1.277344026 -1.386463195 -1.398752919 -1.412783958
## j64 j51 j9 j18 j67
## -1.471400975 -1.473382369 -1.499654917 -1.621487958 -1.650091382
## j71 j43 j20 j17 j4
## -1.651649449 -1.656143190 -1.842633958 -1.890251958 -2.227781301
## j37 j33 j24 j74 j13
## -2.246134591 -2.260529829 -2.428174930 -2.546425675 -2.602059958
## j15 j57 j44 j16 j58
## -2.637885958 -2.961409862 -3.071882967 -3.987152535 -4.678220267Three jokes with the highest average rating.
cat(JesterJokes[head(order(score, decreasing = TRUE), 3)], sep = "\n\n")## A guy goes into confession and says to the priest, "Father, I'm 80 years old, widower, with 11 grandchildren. Last night I met two beautiful flight attendants. They took me home and I made love to both of them. Twice." The priest said: "Well, my son, when was the last time you were in confession?" "Never Father, I'm Jewish." "So then, why are you telling me?" "I'm telling everybody."
##
## A radio conversation of a US naval ship with Canadian authorities ... Americans: Please divert your course 15 degrees to the North to avoid a collision. Canadians: Recommend you divert YOUR course 15 degrees to the South to avoid a collision. Americans: This is the Captain of a US Navy ship. I say again, divert YOUR course. Canadians: No. I say again, you divert YOUR course. Americans: This is the aircraft carrier USS LINCOLN, the second largest ship in the United States' Atlantic Fleet. We are accompanied by three destroyers, three cruisers and numerous support vessels. I demand that you change your course 15 degrees north, that's ONE FIVE DEGREES NORTH, or counter-measures will be undertaken to ensure the safety of this ship. Canadians: This is a lighthouse. Your call.
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## A guy walks into a bar, orders a beer and says to the bartender, "Hey, I got this great Polish Joke..." The barkeep glares at him and says in a warning tone of voice: "Before you go telling that joke you better know that I'm Polish, both bouncers are Polish and so are most of my customers" "Okay" says the customer,"I'll tell it very slowly."Most Often Rated Items
More popular items are known to more people and receive more ratings.
score <- colCounts(Jester5k_norm)
hist(score)
cat(JesterJokes[head(order(score, decreasing = TRUE), 3)], sep = "\n\n")## Q. Did you hear about the dyslexic devil worshiper? A. He sold his soul to Santa.
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## They asked the Japanese visitor if they have elections in his country. "Every Morning" he answers.
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## Q: What did the blind person say when given some matzah? A: Who the hell wrote this?Combination
How often was a joke rated better than +5?
score <- colCounts(binarize(Jester5k_norm, minRating = 5))
hist(score)
cat(JesterJokes[head(order(score, decreasing = TRUE), 3)], sep = "\n\n")## A guy goes into confession and says to the priest, "Father, I'm 80 years old, widower, with 11 grandchildren. Last night I met two beautiful flight attendants. They took me home and I made love to both of them. Twice." The priest said: "Well, my son, when was the last time you were in confession?" "Never Father, I'm Jewish." "So then, why are you telling me?" "I'm telling everybody."
##
## An old Scotsmen is sitting with a younger Scottish gentleman and says the boy. "Ah, lad look out that window. You see that stone wall there, I built it with me own bare hands, placed every stone meself. But do they call me MacGregor the wall builder? No! He Takes a few sips of his beer then says, "Aye, and look out on that lake and eye that beautiful pier. I built it meself, laid every board and hammered each nail but do they call me MacGregor the pier builder? No! He continues..."And lad, you see that road? That too I build with me own bare hands. Laid every inch of pavement meself, but do they call MacGregor the road builder? No!" Again he returns to his beer for a few sips, then says, "Agh, but you screw one sheep..."
##
## A man arrives at the gates of heaven. St. Peter asks, "Religion?" The man says, "Methodist." St. Peter looks down his list, and says, "Go to room 24, but be very quiet as you pass room 8." Another man arrives at the gates of heaven. "Religion?" "Baptist." "Go to room 18, but be very quiet as you pass room 8." A third man arrives at the gates. "Religion?" "Jewish." "Go to room 11, but be very quiet as you pass room 8." The man says, "I can understand there being different rooms for different religions, but why must I be quiet when I pass room 8?" St. Peter tells him, "Well the Catholics are in room 8, and they think they're the only ones here.How often is a joke in the top 1% for a user?
score <- colCounts(binarize(normalize(Jester5k, method="Z-score"),
minRating = 2.2))
hist(score)
cat(JesterJokes[head(order(score, decreasing = TRUE), 3)], sep = "\n\n")## An old Scotsmen is sitting with a younger Scottish gentleman and says the boy. "Ah, lad look out that window. You see that stone wall there, I built it with me own bare hands, placed every stone meself. But do they call me MacGregor the wall builder? No! He Takes a few sips of his beer then says, "Aye, and look out on that lake and eye that beautiful pier. I built it meself, laid every board and hammered each nail but do they call me MacGregor the pier builder? No! He continues..."And lad, you see that road? That too I build with me own bare hands. Laid every inch of pavement meself, but do they call MacGregor the road builder? No!" Again he returns to his beer for a few sips, then says, "Agh, but you screw one sheep..."
##
## A guy goes into confession and says to the priest, "Father, I'm 80 years old, widower, with 11 grandchildren. Last night I met two beautiful flight attendants. They took me home and I made love to both of them. Twice." The priest said: "Well, my son, when was the last time you were in confession?" "Never Father, I'm Jewish." "So then, why are you telling me?" "I'm telling everybody."
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## Clinton returns from a vacation in Arkansas and walks down the steps of Air Force One with two pigs under his arms. At the bottom of the steps, he says to the honor guardsman, "These are genuine Arkansas Razor-Back Hogs. I got this one for Chelsea and this one for Hillary." The guardsman replies, "Nice trade, Sir."Non-personalized recommender using recommenderlab
library(recommenderlab)
data("Jester5k")
recommenderRegistry$get_entry("POPULAR", type ="realRatingMatrix")## Recommender method: POPULAR
## Description: Recommender based on item popularity (real data).
## Parameters: Nonerecom <- Recommender(Jester5k, method = "POPULAR")
recom## Recommender of type 'POPULAR' for 'realRatingMatrix'
## learned using 5000 users.pred <- predict(recom, Jester5k[1:5,])
as(pred, "list")## $u2841
## [1] "j89" "j72" "j76" "j88" "j83" "j87" "j81" "j78" "j73" "j80"
##
## $u15547
## [1] "j89" "j93" "j76" "j88" "j91" "j83" "j87" "j81" "j97" "j78"
##
## $u15221
## character(0)
##
## $u15573
## character(0)
##
## $u21505
## [1] "j89" "j72" "j93" "j76" "j88" "j91" "j83" "j87" "j81" "j97"pred2 <- predict(recom, Jester5k[1:5,], type = "ratings")
as(pred2, "matrix")## j1 j2 j3 j4 j5 j6 j7 j8 j9 j10 j11 j12 j13 j14 j15 j16 j17 j18 j19
## [1,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [2,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## j20 j21 j22 j23 j24 j25 j26 j27 j28 j29 j30 j31 j32 j33 j34 j35 j36
## [1,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [2,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## j37 j38 j39 j40 j41 j42 j43 j44 j45 j46 j47 j48 j49 j50 j51 j52 j53
## [1,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [2,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## j54 j55 j56 j57 j58 j59 j60 j61 j62 j63 j64 j65 j66 j67 j68 j69
## [1,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [2,] NA NA NA NA -7.460192 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## j70 j71 j72 j73 j74 j75 j76
## [1,] NA 2.2035357 5.745072 3.954918 1.308760 2.5956098 5.282883
## [2,] NA -4.4336213 NA -2.682239 -5.328398 -4.0415472 -1.354274
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] NA -0.4948439 3.046692 1.256539 -1.389620 -0.1027698 2.584503
## j77 j78 j79 j80 j81 j82 j83
## [1,] NA 4.517606 2.894125 3.872295 4.622357 3.856072 4.889092
## [2,] NA -2.119551 -3.743032 -2.764862 -2.014800 -2.781085 -1.748065
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] 0.7938204 1.819226 NA 1.173916 1.923977 1.157692 2.190713
## j84 j85 j86 j87 j88 j89
## [1,] 3.591832 3.773187 3.1264010 4.661128 4.918188 6.4027859
## [2,] -3.045325 -2.863970 -3.5107560 -1.976029 -1.718969 -0.2343712
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] NA 1.074807 0.4280214 1.962748 2.219808 3.7044062
## j90 j91 j92 j93 j94 j95
## [1,] 3.3411049 NA NA NA NA NA
## [2,] -3.2960521 -1.758090 -2.528281 -1.273809 -2.805272 -2.819200
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] 0.6427253 2.180688 1.410496 2.664969 1.133505 1.119578
## j96 j97 j98 j99 j100
## [1,] NA NA NA NA NA
## [2,] -2.336942 -2.168116 -2.910213 -3.86004473 -2.482603
## [3,] NA NA NA NA NA
## [4,] NA NA NA NA NA
## [5,] 1.601835 1.770662 1.028564 0.07873266 1.456174